Instructors (Return to top)
 
 
 

Office hours are by appointment. Make all appointments at least 2 days in advance to ensure your instructor is available.

• Develop an ability to identify, plan, and complete the experimental measurements and calculations required to achieve engineering objectives.
• Learn to draw and support technical conclusions from experimental data.
• Develop an ability to design an engineering system based on experimental data collected.
• Demonstrate and reinforce unit operations and concepts studied previously, including experimental design and statistical treatment of data.
• Develop an ability to think beyond a particular textbook or course.
• Improve written and oral technical communication skills.
• Practice teamwork and leadership skills.
• Develop professional habits in safety, documentation, and planning.

Course Schedule  (Return to top)

Each project has an associated design question that requires you to experimentally determine some information.  Your laboratory plans should be formulated to produce the information needed to answer the design question.  During your prelab meeting you will explain how your experimental objectives are related to the project's design question and any other specific experimental objectives included in the individual experiment write-ups.  After you complete the  Continuous Distillation, Fluid Flow, Reaction Kinetics, and Multiphase Mixing experiments, you will address the design question associated with each of these projects (one team member per project) in a written report and an oral presentation.

In general . . .
Prelab Reports are due before you start the experiment.  Arrangements for the prelab meeting date should be made with the instructor one week before the first lab period for the experiment.
Postlab Reports are due Wednesday at 4:45pm, almost one week after the last lab period for an experiment.
Due dates for mandatory rewrites are at the discretion of the instructor for the laboratory experiment.

You may not begin your experiment until the instructor is satisfied that you are sufficiently prepared.  Based on your prelab meeting, your instructor may require you to rework certain portions of your prelab to insure minimum preparation for your laboratory work.  This is separate from the detailed reading of your prelab report that will take place later.

Experimental Schedule and Due Dates for Fall 2004.
 

Exp #		Exp. #1	Exp. #2	Exp. #3	Exp. #4	Design
	9/07	9/14-9/16	9/28-9/30	10/12-10/14	10/26-10/28
Team #1	Introduction	CD	RK	FF	MM	Oral/Written
Team #2	Introduction	RK	FF	MM	CD	Oral/Written
Team #3	Introduction	FF	MM	CD	RK	Oral/Written
Team #4	Introduction	MM	CD	RK	FF	Oral/Written
Report Due		9/22	10/6	10/20	11/3	11/16

CD = Continuous Distillation; FF = Fluid Flow; RK = Reaction Kinetics;  MM = Multiphase Mixing. [Click on a project name for more information.]

Teams  (Return to top)

Teams will be selected by a random draw made during the orientation meeting.

Team and Design Project assignments:

"Freeloading" is an unacceptable abuse of the team structure of this course. Teams are expected to reasonably accommodate the strengths, weaknesses, and schedules of their members. They are NOT expected to take someone for a free ride. If someone on your team is not contributing, and you cannot work it out within your team, set up a team meeting with the lead instructor (for Fall 2004, Darin Ridgway). For safety reasons, individuals may not operate the experimental equipment alone. However, habitual non-contributors may be required to turn in individual reports and be graded based on them, rather than on the team reports.  This measure will require that the team present their case against the non-contributor in his/her presence, including documentation of the non-contributor's behavior and the measures taken to resolve it.  The lead instructor shall judge such cases, and there shall be no appeal unless it includes significant new evidence.

Team self and peer evaluations will be made the end of the course.  These evaluations will use the form for Self and Peer Assessment of Team Contributions.

Penalties for careless, childish, or dangerous behavior include expulsion from the laboratory and/or a failing grade for the course. Neatness is a safety issue. When a safety hazard is observed, your team will be asked to stop work until the situation is corrected to the instructor's satisfaction.

Clean up and properly store your equipment and supplies.

Know the location of all fire extinguishers, safety showers, eye washes, fire blankets and the first aid kit, and know how to use them.

Consider safety when planning and executing your experiments. Obtain MSDS sheets for chemicals you are using. Know the key information concerning hazards, toxicity, and spills.  Identify tasks that involve risk of personal injury.

At least two people are required at any operating equipment.

Be familiar with equipment before you operate it. Report malfunctions promptly.

Address spills or accidents immediately and report them to an instructor.

Wear proper attire to laboratory. Proper attire is not loose fitting. It includes shirts that cover the shoulders, long pants, socks, and closed-toe shoes. No sandals, high-heeled shoes, neck ties, scarves, or dangling jewelry is allowed. Long hair shall be tied back or otherwise confined.

Wear safety glasses or prescription glasses at all times; contact lenses are prohibited.

Wear safety goggles when mixing or pouring chemicals.

Wear a hard hat in the high bay area (near distillation columns).

Do not put anything in your mouth while you are in the laboratory. If you need a refreshment, take a break with your team's permission.

Performing experiments while your judgment or reactions are impaired is dangerous. Schedule your all-nighters and celebrations accordingly.

Failure to comply with the safety regulations may result in grade reductions or even failure of the course for severe violations.  Any instructor, teaching assistant, or laboratory coordinator may deduct points for failure to comply with the safety rules.  (Minimum scale:  1 point for the first violation; 3 points for the second violation; 5 points for each subsequent violation.)

Grading  (Return to top)
 
 

Weighting of the course assignments is as follows.

• Final grades will be computed as a percentage of the total points available, although a missing assignment results automatically in a failing course grade.
• Standard grading worksheets (one for the Prelab Report and one for the Postlab Report) will be used for all experiments.  The weighting of the individual grade sheet components can be expected to vary with experiment.
• Late assignments are penalized 30% per business day.  Incomplete submissions (reports missing one or more required elements) will be considered as late.

An assignment may be unacceptable because of grammar, organization, content, calculations, or format (see grading sheets). Unacceptable assignments may be returned for rewriting and resubmission. An assignment will be penalized each time it is returned for a mandatory rewrite.  The point penalty for a mandatory rewrite will vary on a scale depending upon how many rewrites have been assigned to a team during the quarter.  The point penalties are:  1st rewrite - 0 points;  2nd rewrite - 5 points;  3rd rewrite - 10 points, 4th rewrite - 15 points, and 5th and subsequent rewrites - 20 points each.  The new due date is at the instructor's discretion. The original report should be submitted with the mandatory rewrite. Sections modified and those not modified should be clearly labeled.  No rewrites will be assigned for the design reports or for the postlab report on the fourth experiment.

A team may voluntarily rewrite any prelab and/or postlab report not requiring a mandatory rewrite (except the postlab report for the fourth experiment) one time, without penalty,  in order to achieve a higher grade.  Additional points will not be awarded simply for correcting minor spelling and grammar errors in reports being rewritten.  However, additional points may be deducted if marked errors are not corrected.  A report that has been submitted as a mandatory rewrite cannot be resubmitted as a voluntary rewrite.  All voluntary rewrites of reports must be submitted to the appropriate lab instructor within one week of receiving the original graded report. The original report should be submitted with the voluntary rewrite.Sections modified and those not modified should be clearly labeled.  Mistakes not discovered on the original grading may result in a reduction of points if discovered while grading the rewrite report.

All team members will receive the same grade for each Prelab Report and each Postlab Report.  Individual grades will be given for Design Orals and Design Reports.

You must attend all laboratory periods and your team's prelab meetings.  Absences will be excused according to the guidelines in the Ohio University Student Handbook.  You must have a verified written excuse that can be checked.  It is the student's responsibility to document such absences, and to advise the instructor in advance when possible.  Penalties for unexcused absences include a zero for the period, a zero for the assignment, and/or a failing grade for the course.

Engineering is a profession; professional behavior is expected of you.  You may not use reports produced by other students to inform your work. Possession of other students' work (including, but not limited to previous year's unit operations lab reports) will be considered academic dishonesty.  Published work, course notes, and discussions with colleagues and instructors are acceptable sources of information.  You must give credit when you are assisted by the ideas or efforts of others.  Please refer to the section on plagiarism in the Guidelines for Technical Writing.  Academic dishonesty will be dealt with according to the guidelines of the Ohio University Student Handbook.

Take all notes in a laboratory notebook and submit carbon copies of each day's data to the instructor. All laboratory notebooks are company property (normal industrial policy). Your instructor (boss) may inspect your notebook any time.  Point deductions may be made on your postlab report for poor quality notebooks.

Write only in waterproof ink, leaving at least one inch margin on all sides.

Title and date each page on the top line.  Include your team number on the top line.

Record all data directly in the notebook, not on loose sheets of paper.

Permanently fasten (tape, staple, glue) calibration curves or literature data into the notebook.

Data that is incorrectly measured or recorded should be marked through with a single line, initialed, and explained by a brief note. If the data was correctly recorded, but you later decide not to use it, do not mark it out. Just add a note of explanation.

"Z-line" the unused portion of any page.

All team members initial and date each page 1/2 inch below the last line of data.

Do not remove pages (except copies) or cross writing out so it becomes illegible.

Carbon copies of each laboratory period's data sheets must be submitted to that experiment's instructor no later than noon of the day immediately following the lab period.  The data sheet copies may be placed on the mailboxes outside of the instructor's door or left in a box designated for this use in the Unit Operations Laboratory.

A Prelab Report explains what you intend to determine experimentally and how you will do it. You may not begin an experiment until your Prelab Report is approved. You must demonstrate that you know how to operate the equipment, you understand the engineering principles involved, you are aware of potential hazards and errors, and you have a well-conceived experimental plan. You must be able to explain the particular values you selected, the capabilities of the equipment, which parameters are critical, and how potential sources of error affect your results. You must include a detailed plan for data reduction and analysis.  You must be able to explain how your experimental plan is related to the design question for the project.

A Prelab Report has two parts: written and oral. At your appointed time before you intend to begin the experiment (an appointment for the prelab meeting should be made one week in advance of the first lab period), submit a written Prelab Report and discuss it with the instructor. All members of the team will receive the same Prelab Report grade. Refer to the Guidelines for Technical Writing web page, and to any specific guidelines from your instructor, in writing the Prelab Report.

Text must be double spaced in 12 point font, except in tables and figures, where font sizes from 10 pt to 16 pt may be used for effect.  All figures must be at least 1/2 page in size.  All margins must be at least one inch. You may "steal" from one section to gain space for another, but the written prelab should not exceed 12 pages.  Pages, equations, figures, and tables should be numbered.  Submit the Prelab Report with a completed and signed Prelab Report Check Sheet.

Attach a cover sheet showing the following information to the front of your prelab:

The words "Prelab Report"

The name of the project (e.g. Multiphase Mixing)

The course number and quarter (e.g. ChE 415 - Fall 2004)

The team number

The names of all team members

A written prelab includes:

1. Experimental Objective - Three Sentences Maximum

State the results (not the data) you intend to determine experimentally so you can meet your design objective.  Summarize the design objective (briefly), but focus on the experimental objective.  Write in the future tense, since you will do this.
 
2. Introduction - One Page Maximum

Briefly describe the engineering/science principles involved in the design and the experiment, including appropriate equations.  Focus on what must be determined experimentally to complete the design.  Explain what results are needed, and what data will be collected to obtain those results.  Tell what variables you need to control and measure to meet each experimental objective.  Write in the present tense for things that are known (e.g., engineering/science principles) and in the future tense for things you will do.
 
3. Experimental Methods - Six Pages Maximum

Describe in detail how you will collect your data.  Provide a schematic and a description of the experimental equipment (photographs of the apparatus are nice and may be included but are not a substitute for a detailed flow schematic).  Provide a test matrix which shows the operating conditions for each experiment and the expected consumption of supplies.  Provide an operating procedure of sufficient detail that someone else could repeat your work, given the same access to course materials and manuals.  In developing your test matrix and procedure, consider how to use your time most effectively and minimize experimental uncertainty.  Provide an estimate of the time required to implement your experimental matrix.  Plans to perform duplicate runs should be explicitly described.  State safety concerns and safety measures prominently.  For example, you may refer the reader to an MSDS for details of exposure limits, but you should state in your report that a particular chemical is corrosive and gloves should be worn when handling it.  Present tense (for descriptions) and imperative statements (for procedures) are appropriate.
 
4. Expected Data and Results - Two Pages Maximum

Provide estimated values of data (what you measure) and results (quantities calculated from your data).  You might provide tabulated numbers or plots which show behavior semi-quantitatively.  From information gathered to write your Experimental Methods, you should be able to predict the range of data you expect to observe.  From information gathered to write your Introduction, you should be able to predict approximate values for your results, and whether values will rise exponentially or decrease linearly, for example.  Use this section in the lab to decide whether your experiment is working correctly.  Present and/or future tense are appropriate.
 
5. Data Analysis - Three Pages Maximum

Take the reader step-by-step through the equations and methods (engineering, scientific, statistical) that you will use to convert your data to results.  Include methods for quantifying experimental uncertainty.
 
6. References

Complete references for publications cited in the text.
Acknowledgment of assistance from individuals.

A discussion of propagation of error, useful for writing your Data Analysis section, can be found at the following locations: Propagation of Error , Error and Uncertainty.

Please see the Prelab Grading Sheet, the Guidelines for Technical Writing web page, and the individual experiment pages (Continuous Distillation, Fluid Flow, Reaction Kinetics, Multiphase Mixing ) for additional prelab information.

A Postlab Report presents your experimental results and explains their significance. It assumes the reader has the Prelab Report, and notes deviations from information and procedures in the Prelab.  Postlab Reports are due Wednesday at 4:45pm, almost one week after the last lab period for an experiment.  All team members will receive the same Postlab Report grade.

Text must be double spaced in 12 point font, except in tables and figures, where font sizes from 10 pt to 16 pt may be used for effect.  All figures must be at least 1/2 page in size.  All margins must be at least one inch.  Pages, equations, figures, and tables should be numbered.  Submit the Postlab Report with a completed and signed Postlab Report Check Sheet and a copy of your Prelab Report.

Attach a cover sheet showing the following information to the front of your prelab:

The words "Postlab Report"

The name of the project (e.g. Continuous Distillation)

The course number and quarter (e.g. ChE 415 - Fall 2004)

The team number

The names of all team members

A Postlab Report includes:

1. Experimental Objective - Three Sentences Maximum

State the results (not the data) you determined experimentally to meet your design objective.  Summarize the design objective (briefly), but focus on the experimental objective.  Write in the past tense, since have done this.
 
2. Presentation of Results

Present the numbers, relationships and trends you determined by experiment.  Use tables, graphs, and/or text for effective presentation.
Confirm that you followed the plan presented in your Prelab Report or describe and justify any changes that you made.
Indicate experimental uncertainty on all numbers reported.
Provide a detailed sample calculation (may be in the Appendix).  The sample calculation should include the appropriate equations in symbol (variable) form and with  actual numerical values with units substituted for the variables.  Even if you used a spreadsheet or a Matlab program, show the step-by-step procedure for a particular case.
 
3. Discussion - Five Pages Maximum

Provide quantitative analysis of trends or anomalies in your results, quantitative comparison of the results with your expectations based on engineering principles and quantitative assessment of experimental uncertainty.  Describe your results and compare them to what you expected.  Use quantitative descriptions like, "The value dropped 5 %, but this is insignificant compared to the experimental uncertainty of +/- 10 %."
 
4. Conclusions - One Page Maximum

Directly link your experimental results to your experimental objective, perhaps by restating those key results in the order they were presented in your Experimental Objective section.  Note how limitations of your experimental results (e.g., range of values tested, experimental uncertainty) will affect your experimental design.
 
5. References

Complete references for publications cited in the text.
Acknowledgment of assistance from individuals.
(See the Guidelines for Technical Writing web page.)

Please see the Postlab Grading Sheet, the Guidelines for Technical Writing web page, and the individual experiment pages (Continuous Distillation, Fluid Flow, Reaction Kinetics, Multiphase Mixing) for additional prelab information.

Each project has an associated design question whose solution requires some experimentally-determined information.

Each person enrolled in the course must present one Design Oral and Design Report based on an experiment's design objectives.  Experiments will be assigned to individuals based on the blind draw held during the orientation period.

Design Oral.  Prepare a 10-12 minute presentation. Expect 5-10 minutes of questions. State your design problem, show how you have addressed the problem, tell what information you determined experimentally, and assess the uncertainty in your experimental results and what effect this has on the reliability of your design.  A detailed presentation schedule will be sent to you after the blind draw. (Design Oral Schedule F04)

Design Report.  The design report should consist of a 3-5 page (excluding Appendix) technical memorandum that documents your design strategy and results.  Detailed calculations in support of your design conclusions should be included in an Appendix to the memorandum.  The Prelab and Postlab Report may be cited as a source in the Design Report.  (Design Memo Grading Sheet - link to be added)

Instructors may require intermediate progress reports at their discretion. In any case, you are encouraged to analyze the first period's data promptly so that you may make efficient use of the second period of laboratory time, and meet with the instructor to discuss this intermediate analysis.

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(Last modified 09/20/04)